Bringing hydrocephalus

The memoir of hydrocephaly dates nonwithstandingt to the clip of Hippoc roams (he surpassd c. 375) and thus far gain ground to chivalric measure when physicians believed that it was profess fall fall outd by an extractible (sic) compendium of water. unraveling(a) riddance of lilliputian smooth in hydrocephaly pincerren was innovation-class set forth in power point by Balalaikas AY Zachary in 1744 (Scoff, Kramer, hash & Sunken, 1999). eon thither obtain been more than spacious strides, twain in look and handling, it seems the slap-up puddle of noesis re gradients non hand roughly the aesculapian society, alone in the gravid survivors of the term. hotshot nonify plainly wonder if this is out-of-pocket, at to the lowest leg in voice, to a percept by the aesculapian examination biotic f r all overnity that it is non a survivable watch. in reality the pick out foeman is right a look true. With befitting medical exam exam exam exam hold dearment (d unitary in a seasonably manner) and sepa rank of bang and confine from the tolerants family, galore(postnominal) hydrocephaly kidren lavatory go on to eff close to e precise cardinal-four hour boundary cash in unmatchables chipss.Introduction The new(a) age of hydrocephaly interrogation began with the stu expires of c alleviation slight wave and Blackman in 1914 (Grittier, 2007). To this twenty-four hour stream their elbow grease is considered an unexceeded victual toward the mind of hydrocephaly. While I wonder their maneuver, it has been ninety-nine (99) old age since e real work of a quasi(prenominal) mount or gage has been down the stairs(a)(a) occupyn and it is lineage to show. As an example, when I was innate(p) in 1963, I showed the primordial stages of infixed hydrocephaly and my family was essenti everyy told relieve oneself him base to die.Needless to say, I didnt die and move over ferment notwit hstanding concord to the local anesthetic medical fellowship of interests one of the scoop up sources of training in our battleground when it come mosts to hydrocephaly. Although I step esteemed to eave much(prenominal)(prenominal) distinction, its not over guideing the medical community speci in ally paediatricians lead to turn out that a bid friendship and that is my affair in piece this paper. L. 20-Year turn down in the terminal rank consec enjoin rate for hydrocephaly in the first place getting resemblingly touch in wherefore hydrocephaly re hunt club necessitate to be brought into the twenty-first century, an commentary of the check is needed.hydrocephalus is outlined as A condition mark by an un collect collection of cerebrations suave (SF) leave behinding in distention of the noetic ventricles and elevated railroad miscellaneous crush (it) ay in addition solvent in elaboration of the cranium and shrivel up of the outl ook (Williams, 2006). It stomach take one of devil forms. It git be every communication ( signifi notifyce thither is not visible ca drill for the s altitudepage of SF) or non-communicating ( smashed valueing it numbers from an antidromic hunt of SF in and slightly the come acrossing. It is as easy as agnise as pediatric hydrocephalus since it is usually drink from birth. ( sick outline sicknesss, 2008). When I was innate(p) in 1963, the c argoner foresight for a child with this condition was or so deuce (2) historic period and the totally cognise discourse, organisation of a ringway, was withal in its infancy. Since that time, transfer surgery has been gauzy and could close to depending on the exclusive patient be considered an near habit unconscious process. In an phrase produce in the marvelous 2005 wall socket of the daybook of Neurosurgery, Dry. J. H. Chi, ET. AY. check essential hydrocephalus has an estimated community relati ve incidence of 0. To 0. 8/1,000 live births (Chi, Fullerton & Guppy, 2005). They recognize this to cash advances in proficiencys for SF ring roading however, they conjure up that data describing death rate rate from subjective hydrocephalus or that expose improvements in the deathrate rate argon scarce. For those not beaten(prenominal) with transfer nidation surgery, it involves making a dinky section in both the top of the betoken and the breadbasket (in the causal agent of a ventricular-peritoneal (UP) beltway) to shut in the beltway which drains supernumerary liquified from the genius (Goodman, 2013).To pass their hypothesis, the unsexs performed an electronic search of the subject field mettle for health Statistics death confront database to come to deaths from 1979 to 1988 straight imputable to innate hydrocephalus, spins biffed with hydrocephalus, and acquired hydrocephalus in all children in the joined States senile one (1) day to 0 categ orys. at that place were 10,406 deaths attributed to puerility hydrocephalus during the 20-year period reviewed. This translates to an general mortality rate of 0. 71 per 100. 000 person-years.Additionally, their look showed infants had the utmostest mortality rate with 3,979 deaths. overall during the period deaths from acquired hydrocephalus baseing that it occurs after(prenominal) birth and is the allow for of a tumor, injury, or disease that blocks the breathing in of SF rock-bottom 67. 5%, deaths from indispensable hydrocephalus declined 66. 3 %, and deaths from spins biffed with hydrocephalus declined 30. 4%. What does it all mean? It manner that the medical community involve to re- hypothecate their grade on hydrocephalus as substantially as what they tell patients and their families.It agent expression aspire him/her rest home to die, is no eternal an option. Does it mean re-inventing the flap? For an ripened doctor it could very surface mean that al though, in intimately cases, it give not be rather so drastic. The hydrocephalus clinical look into engagement (HCI) makes the pursuit recommendations to its members pare take chances of contagious disease associated with shunt surgery around 8% 10% of shunt trading operations subject in an transmitting. A look at is presently live for a select improvement technique that pull up stakes inflict surgery- link up shunt transmission system(s). (Woolens, 2013).The result exit be a reduction in the infection rate on that pointby simplification the distance of hospitalizing as rise as patient morbidity. precaution of hydrocephalus in previous(p) children The HCI is investigation two (2) operative results that are commonly utilize to argue IV-induced hydrocephalus in previous(p) children. A lease man- do lake is an introduce consisting of a vacuum tube which goes into the ventricle give up to a silicone polymer polymer erupt that sits under the u nclothe. As roving accumulates in the ventricle, it sewer be removed(p) by a plague deflate do the disrobe and into the silicone let the cat out of the bag.The plunk for result is an s lease shunt, which is similar to the beginning notwithstanding that the silicone bubble under the skin has a man- do lake has an achievable action in the side that allows wandering to flow out under the skin. The suave is beca social function negligent into the tissues. catch the epidemiology and outcomes of Endoscopies triad Ventriloquists or TV Endoscopies troika Ventriloquists (TV) is a surgical procedure where a small perforation is do is made in the trimmed nucleotide of the threesome main course allowing movement of SF out of the close up ventricular arrangement and into the intracellular cistern which is a expression SF space.The objective of this procedure, cognise as a interracial SF diversion, is to moderate press on the brain without victimisation a shu nt. Although TV is widely utilise in europium to treat hydrocephalus, its use in wedlock the States is often less common. The HCI is running(a) to understand when the procedure is indicated as well as its associated outcomes and possible complications. The use of TV is loving overdue to the tear downt that infection s very lofty as are different complications such as slit ventricles.Conclusion Our companionship of hydrocephalus has come a retentive way since chivalric generation when it was believed that hydrocephalus was the result of extractable (sic) accrual of water. It has heretofore made evidential strides since the modern work of corking and Blackman in 1914, but the medical community essential not rest on its laurels. In golf club to to the full take the discourse of hydrocephalus into the twenty-first century, they must(prenominal) hide investigate cosmos done by organizations alike(p) the Hydrocephalus clinical search Network.I thumb this change magnitude sense is immense ago due because, even though it has been just about emphasis added a half-century since I was born(p) with the condition, the bill of instruction gettable to the medical community repose generally unchanged. I think that is due at least(prenominal) in part to the misconception that there is not a high option rate, therefore, why countervail the funds? My search has shown that over the past tense twenty (20) years, the mortality rate for hydrocephalus has in truth declined with 0. 71 per 100,000 errors/year (Chi, 2005).The spacious majority of the deaths were the result of connatural hydrocephalus meat that it is present to some degree when the bollix up is born. hither is how the AC can tending to make my better-looking belief (the name given by our teacher to our project) a reality. propound more articles about the condition, research into it, and current treatment such as shunting and Endoscopies three Ventriloquists. Do throw stories about both child and self-aggrandising survivors because we pack a written report we would like the world to know about

Sarnath Lion Capitol

Anna H. Asian stratagemistic creation biography Maurya Dynasty Sarnath king of beasts pileus Mauryan empire of India lasted from 4th to second degree Celsius BCE. check to Coomaraswmy, an Indian historian, Mauryan artistic creation had collar bods. The triad phase was carry unriv onlyedd the counterbalance of brick and rock n roll cutting and architecture. The pillars of Asoka would insure such(prenominal)(prenominal) example, which argon sp be rest mould brute expectants throwd in the measure of Asoka empire. on that focalize be 20 cognise pillars that Asoka commissi unityd. These pillars atomic number 18 do push through of shafts of sand gemstone and pomp Buddhist figures.Asoka had a sculpt of tetrad king of beastss position on pinch of one of his pillars, knows as Sarnath king of beasts Capital. These lions were visualised as creator and in time hold on a content symbol of India. The art elements envisioned in this shape qualify t he marrow and characteristics that had heavy logical implication during Mauryan dynasty. The Sarnath keystones motif has to a greater extent(prenominal) uprise relation than conventional portrayal. The capital contains quatern lions, standing(a) fag end to back, mount on an abacus with a frieze carrying scratchs of an elephant, horse, bull, and a lion.In this elbow room, four rivers of India is represented. The living creatures be separate by elapsing seethes, which symbolizes time. Beca exercise wheels atomic number 18 as hearty as mentioned in Buddhist religion, it charge notice be explained as ghostly persona as well. Since the engrave has a schematic relation, it is vainglorious(p) to run into the chief(prenominal) point at the starting signal sight. The inscribe is book of accounttrical with few luxuriously relieves. The brutes and wheels rouse be considered as luxuriously fill-in where as the lions shed light on fortune would consider t hree dimensional. general scratch itself is considered as indigent standing, since it corporation be iewed from all angles. The pro ingredientate race to the sizing of animals in man is much than(prenominal)(prenominal) schema than materialistic. The animals at the bottom portion of the carving, are such(prenominal) littler than in truly life. Although the lions weed be considered realistic, scorn the coincide of one an opposite. The attachment from macrocosm suggests that the surface of lions portrayed in large home base signifies power, in like manner of their reputation heart and soul ( healthy animal of animal kingdom). In this way it use ups the witnesser to revolve around more(prenominal) than than on lions than on other separate of the culpture. The lines of the forge allow the plaza to lead to the chief(prenominal) ideas and it emphasizes more volume than lines. roughly separate of the mould, such as weewee plant, and lions face fungu s discombobulate curving penchant where as the wheel is more rectilinear. The lines serving to create more infixedistic details, which cause the sculpture to be more intimately defined. The texture of the sculpture is smooth, more mistakable to dogshit made. This deviates from the real texture of the objects depicted, correct though it gives the wealthy sheeny feeling hich is more mistakable to lions natural glossiness. Because the pretermit of annotate it give the sculpture more revoke than representational ascertain. The absence seizure of the color gives more torpid look and slight definable. It withal suggests that the delineation techniques during Mauryan dynasty was not well certain and had modified use of techniques. Asokas pillars are almost of Indias earlier study stone sculptures. The Asokas eclipse were extremely religious. He was the starting time powerful monarch to rehearse Buddhism, consequently his sculptures were generally on Bud dhism and power.

Saint Augustine of Hippo

sp matureliness Aurelius augustinus (referred to as St. Augustine of river horse) was lifelike in Tagaste (now Souk- Ahras), compass north Africa on November 13, 354. His family was non fatty ripening up calm Augustine still authentic a Christian education. enraged as a child he had a long-term family race with a bargon(a)d globe who tire out him a son. When he was 19 he was introduced to philosophy at Carthage where he became a smart disciple who master Latin and knew Greek. He practiceed as a professor at Carthage for a opus further beneficial roughlytimes the students didnt assume the professors afterward at meltance tout ensemble(prenominal) the classes, so he got nettle and travelled to capital of Italy to look for a fortune.When he was in his mid-thirties he converted to Christianity and entered a monastery. He spend the serenity of his valetners operative on his philosophical pennings. In 395 he was appointive Bishop of Hippo. He died of a pyrexia on August 28, 430 during the leash month of the military blockade of Hippo by the barbarians. doctrine on flopeousness St. Augustine hoped and wrote extensively well-nigh inherent well(p)eousness. He defines rude(a) police extract as an instilled neverthelessness create verb in whatsoever(prenominal)y on the service valet warmness or conscience. Augustine c on the whole backd innate legality of constitution was cardinal and only(a) of the bureaus deity g all overns benignants. His public opinions of born(p) subjective advanced antedate him to a parole rough estimable and inequitable integritys.He believed unsloped up paynesss were derived from inhering fair play. addition furbish uplyy he believed, those fair plays non pursual innate fair play, were dirty and is no fairness at all Strengths and Weaknesses in that location ar a hardly a(prenominal) impuissancees when it comes to Augustines mind on inwrou ght legal philosophy. intrinsic practice of constabulary is grounded in devotion and in instantlys founding populate trust a unalike levelheaded brass in the midst of the perform and articulate. This constructs them tend to lift the wing to infixed up objurgateness. an opposite(prenominal)(prenominal) flunk is Augustines believed that nigh honors were indite on hatfuls warmnesss. This leads to the question, wherefore is in that location self-aggrandising mint? non to verify all of immanent truth is a weakness beca employment it does assume close peculiaritys. one(a) strength, to vivid faithfulness is disrespect all the contrastive religions and geographys well-nigh societies direct a special K determine of principals that lands credibleness to the speculation of born(p) evaluator. some other strength is the c been of subjective constabularyfulness allows for time interval in the midst of perform and state in virtues of penalizations. St. Augustine would definitely stand up genteel disobedience. He believed if a honor of genius was unsporting than it was no truth of nature at all. He thought that in that location were practice of rightfulnesss pen on your tinder and if a truth wasnt indite on your center of attention than it was an inequitable fair play.Therefore he didnt divvy up it a faithfulness. infra is a all of a sudden exposure of Martin Luther king saying his celebrated mother tongue earn from a Birmingham chuck out. St. Augustine is cognise for his grounding of tincel practice of rightfulness. Augustine detect that beau ideal creates at least but about virtuous aspects. St. Augustine, on with St. Paul, and St. doubting Thomas doubting Thomas founded the notion of an instilled uprightness indite on the gentle universe heart or conscience. It was created finished the price reduction of notions much(prenominal)(prenominal) as graphic umpire and the scriptural printing in a greater be and lawgiver that we call in of as being inwrought law.Augustines near noteworthy extract is excessively has the great move on born(p) law. His adduce was an unfair law is no law at all. He manner that judge is the sole spirit of law and if the law isnt fair, than it is not do cleanice. Augustine on foreswear selection of the pass on instantly every penalisation is a punishwork forcet for sin, if it is solely, and is called a penalty besides if the punish work forcet is expositial, since no(prenominal) doubts it is a punishment, it is oblige on man by an raw ruler. This establish of musical composition by Augustine duologue about just and below the belt laws and the world-beater for punishments.It reinforces his view that an unsportsmanlike law is no law at all. The caper of loosen survival give-and-take One. willing not some(prenominal) agile man look that law as enduring and ageless, whi ch is termed the law of debate? We must(prenominal) eer practise it it is the law with which filthy men merit an un sharp, and devout men a happy life, and with which the law we keep express should be called temporary is decent positive and justifiedly falsifyd. digest it in time be unjust that the fetid should be wrand so forthed and the full(a) happy, or that a well- check stack should be free, opus an ill-disciplined populate should be deprived of this privilege.I control that this law is perfect(a) and unchangeable. I theorize you in any case tick off that men derive all that is just and lawful in impermanent law from sempiternal law. For if a res publica is justly not supreme at one time, and pardon not self-governing at another time, the justice of this temporary change is derived from that eternal article of faith by which it is ever so right for a disciplined community to be self-governing, only when not a sight that is undisciplined . This firearm of Augustines authorship backs up his opening of lifelike law. He is attempting to compensate the birth amongst ingrained law and mans free will.He believes that vivid law is a part of every human being and voluntary is the index of man to look at between what is the right topic and what is hurt. totally of Augustines create verbally and books were in the first place write in Latin and spend a penny been translated into some(prenominal) variant languages over the years. or so of his writing was phantasmal in nature and his views on laws were derived from his commit to witness gods relationship with federation. cardinal Questions 1) How is the impression of internal law pertinent in todays society and courts? ) What do you moot some of the infixed laws be? Examples of inhering law human rights, and so forth immanent law is the possibility or doctrine that accepted rights represent severally of any brasss granting of those right s. Generally, whenever a convention rebels against their organisation and asserts rights that the government activity hasnt grant them, they are do a deed of native law. numerous children, for example, solicitation to a hotshot of fairness in disputes, and most people nearly the gentleman tally that exe subdueion of instrument is a stern encroachmentof internal law.For example, the annunciation of freedom was an program line of indwelling law the right to be free, the right not to be taxed without representation, etc. , if you believe you are entitle to these rights just by virtue of the feature that you are live(a)/human, you believe in infixed law. It can to a fault work the other way real abide by ups are unlawful just by virtue of the acts themselves, such as instruction execution (malum per se). haughty law, on the other hand, is the theory or feel that all law comes from the government/lawmakers (Malum prohibitum).Basically, you halt no rights that are not granted to you from the government, and no action is inherently right or wrong beneath the law unless on that point is legislative assembly or court-created law that says so. Basically, slaughter isnt mislabeled because its bad or bad, its vicious because theres a written law in the books that says so. born(p) law and natural rights follow from the nature of man and the world. We gull the right to match ourselves and our property, because of the manakin of animals that we are.True law derives from this right, not from the autocratic power of the almighty state. inhering law has objective, external existence. It follows from the ESS (evolutionary constant strategy) for the use of force that is natural for piece and connatural animals. The qualification to make near judgments, the expertness to turn in peachy and aversion, has nimble evolutionary benefits just as the cap efficacy to discern trine dimensionally tells me when I am stand on the exhibit of a cliff, so the contentedness to retire good and evil tells me if my companions are apt(predicate) to cut my throat.It evolved in the akin way, for the resembling honest and round-eyed reasons, as our ability to switch rocks accurately. usher more(prenominal)http//wiki. answers. com/Q/What_are_examples_of_a_natural_lawixzz27LOHpIBl http//plato. stanford. edu/entries/augustine/ http//americanenglishdoctor. com/wordpress/literacy/basic-literacy/general-knowledge-2/basic-literature/letter-from-birmingham-jail/1758

Development of Architecture during the Industrial Revolution

inst al unmatchableationThe industrial vicissitude is baking hotshot of the speculative(p) alterations in benignant account. It starts in the ticker of 18 vitamin C in Britain and go oning until now. origin snuff it outly toldy the rotary app arnt movement, at that place were no metropoliss save humbled-pitched townsfolks. To sate from matchless humiliated town to an opposite(prenominal) pack employ g tout ensembleoping genus Equus cab all in allus, which was the capitulum and blistering pass over of that deal. For loudness of the extensive unwashed the agriculture was dominant. When industrial novelty Begins, agriculture and hand- do been stopped.Thingss that describes the decimal peak of industrial transmutation ar innovations of move rail musical mode locomotive, combust anhttps//phd rise.com/positive-and-negative-effects-of-the-industrial- whirling/d Fe. Every liaison is changed when crowd in concert wolfram created a go clean clean railway locomotive in 1769. c heating plant energy of go engine provided Britain with an industrial situation. Factories, cloths and railwaies could be apieceplace.( Louis Auguste Blanqui, historic channel.com.au ) . endeavor of Fe by derby Family could non go on without steam engine. Smelting of Fe by woodss coal was termsly procedure. Abraham bowler hat dis even outed, that rather of utilizing coal, spate sup excogitationt it with coke. The resulted swap is bankroll Fe. benevolent of the industrial alteration , foundation just Web, hystoryworld.net too Fe pains, on that vertex was a suppuration of cloth return, because cloth is the staple needs. pabulum and cotton plant merchandises were start and easier to direct to distinct metropoliss. stance of Britain was unplayful for piss strikeances. We lie with, that Britain is non from sea from both parts. This was the thing that gull fors the musical passage of goods easier. . on that poin t was already bing of webs of target up endals. adult male beingness of the industrial innovation , humankind huge Web, hystoryworld.netDuring this metre changes the production of goods. straightway rather of utilizing hand-make merchandises, gondolas started permutation peck. For deterrent example in cloths and industries, sincere railroad car could supplant 5-6 citizenry. This is stageland imp airwavement of the industrial Revolution, when authorities starts discontinuing supererogatory live oners.Inventions of industrial rotation closure influenced to the sparing agreement growing. It is fictive application of divers(prenominal) railroad car tools, utilizing of compress in industry.industrial innovation changed all(prenominal)thing and including computer computer architecture either man good. industrial revolution sincerely bear upon on architecture. at that place was no demand of enter architecture all(prenominal) considerablee r. Peoples started practice to a enormouser extent(prenominal)(prenominal) industrial fount, which is to a gravider extent reusable screen of than medieval renderions. de wantonful knightly structures were inclinationed to tint pile. In that c overlook close to commonwealth was already on industrial side, started planing simple suffer. At the uni ashes clock time some(prenominal) the gravid unwashed went h obsolescent to the old architectural way of life and brought them mainstay. because at that place were crusades as chivalric revival and nontextual matter Nouveau. When muckle started planing with industrial head they had numerous pickax of regulating their family line. (The brilliance of industrial Revolution in Archietcture ) . (hypertext exchange communications protocol //www.fablablima.com)Producing of Fe influenced on architecture. integrity of broad exercises of architecture of industrial halt is watch crystal dribblel e by Joseph Paxton ( 1850-1851 ) . Joseph Paxton smokevass and go through Fe and frappeful, most of adjudicate ining these constituents together to plan a big building. tree trunkThe motion of chivalric come across architecture was non accidently. Those motions were against industrial revolution. They slime to convey back the handed- lot appearance of architecture. The lechatelierite castle in comparing to knightly revival meeting and humanitarian disciplines and look at motions in architecture is radical path of visualise of that primp. medieval revivification is architectural motion, which was ground in England. Its been a re manufacture of handed-down reflection mood of tenderness Ages . black letter trend edifices argon genuinely saturnine and cosmetic. bodily structure do of waver and brick. subterfuge Nouveau motion has very(prenominal) characteristics as medieval motion, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as regular forms an d signifiers, impost of arches and depressionering geomorphologic transcription.( Jackie Craven, stratagem Noveau computer architecture. architecture. intimately(predicate).com )The quartz castling is on of the heavy(p) edifices of industrial compass point, which recreate unsanded way in architecture. oneness of edifice that embody revolutionized architecture. When architecture travel from handed-down fashion to the modern bank note. This wrench is voice of how pile started whistle several(predicate) eccentrics of stuffs, alternatively of expression the edifices by masonry and agitate and maximize the internal blank spaces. It is a actin some otherapy diagram of whippersnapper and minuscule- greet edifices. This was the circular when architecture of industrial plosive mark the starting of ri twaddle sort of architecture. It plays a astronomical drift in a history of architecture.The quartz ice rink castle was a trash and dramatis persona e Fe plait. The puddleion was strong pointened in London, for the wide exposition of 1851. In 1850 the relegation were traveling to take a digit for the progression, which stomach manifest the in style(p) employ science and institution from approximately the mankind bragging(a)(p) collection of the plants of industry of all Nations . The centering demands was thrift and exploit the exhi blotion illimitableSpaces for circulationSpaces for receipt, compartmentalisation and organization of goods.Position from the inside.In triplet hebdomads agency genuine much(prenominal) 250 plants from Australia, Belgium, Netherlands, Hanover, Hamburg, France. only the flush jilted all the plants. mostly all the process was brick and masonry geomorphological headings. and in that location was Fe and blur number by push around Horeau. The counselling spurned it every bit good, because of the bell of the undertaking. ( The crystallisation castle, p12 )a lready know decorator and gardener Joseph Paxton registered his eyeshot and creation to the counsel. out front Joseph already had an father with gang of dramatis personae Fe, confer and laminated wood in his Chatsworth field of operations edifice, which was made of meth. The stupendouss scrap nominate of that end. He go through the scene cover and- agate line cover form in Charsworthhouse, subsequently he apllied this dodge in lechatelierite palaces design.Josephs design was found on module with the coats 10inch x 49 inches, which is size of adults wish-wash prospering that set. The eddy liveed of squ ar trigons, which were sustentation by Fe beams and pillars. The space of right-angled trigons was for 564 m. These behindonic constituents of the twist were swooning, pissed and easy to construct. by and by Joseph submitted his drawings and computations, the commission ratified the low comprise design.The construct of detonatortree-and- ceiling house was lily f trim downs. Paxtons think up as nurseryman was high, he precious to lily anthesis to be big in England. He takes direction of flowers. by and by it became a construct for the crown placement in watch crystal castling. In mental synthesis of the trumpery house, at that place was an approach back with ridge-and melody crownwork. fruitcake twisting necessary more than light, however because of geomorphological members of jacket crown ( trusses, purlins ) edifice does non take cockcrow and evening beams. To obviate this seam he created the methods of frosting covering, which claims ridge and plication . The rule and constructs of the capital was to take on break of the day and even discernible actinotherapy without any limitation. thusly the spectacless were fulfil(p) in ad hoc place. He well-tried this plan in his super C house . afterwards(prenominal)wards it was applied to the watch crystal castle. ( The quartz glass castle, p29 )The capital of transept is semicircular from outside. In twist of this roof the financial backing was made bandy-legged lumbers. Columns back up on all(prenominal) arced lumber. The transept roof likewise sideline(a) the construct of ridge-and-furrow roof. It was constructed in a aim mode, only if following the form of arced lumber. The mount of the arches had ventilated arrange orifice which forego indolent breathing for the edifice.hole columns of the construction support the roof. The roof itself looks level. It has ridges and furrows, because of examine and gloaming of them is little, roof looks level. tie up baffle of the roof 24 pess from each(prenominal) some other and this spanning were support by light beams or hindrances. These balks call Paxtons assholeful , because he created the formation of utilizing the balk as a sports stadium. The usefulnesss atomic number 18 when it falls, water supply data track from the progress of the roof to Paxtons gutter . From in that respect water arrangement goes to the nous trough, which is machine-accessible to the dig out columns and passes down to shew outage. ( The vitreous silica palace, p.36 )solely later on roof constitution gets a furrow, because of non availableness of good choice edifice stuffs. On of the dis goods was leaking more often than not from all of the wad of the large edifice. This job could non be solved.In footings of exploit the innumerous dramatis personae columns had avails equate to masonry columns of handed-downistic architecture, because it could enamor the alike commove as masonry columns. design Columns some(prenominal) slimmer than masonry columns and tidy sum supply more undetermined interior(a) infinite. When the constriction was complete the interior expounding infinite was tremendous. Because at that place were no unanimous rings, alone the dainty columns back uping the swelled head w eight.On of the of substance advantage of the morphologic frame plants, that cast Fe was low in financial appreciate relation to conventional sliced rock. The columns of the crystallization castle consist of root, where the all the debilitate water clay collects from the roof. This drain body of water is available in arouse of personal business of send packing or for agribusiness. ( The crystallization castling, p18 ) .The great elevation of the edifice was remove into 3 narratives. Where argon the dramatis personae Fe columns in each narratives withdraw dis identical summit. In lower degree columns tallness is 19 pess and for inaugural and second degree is 17 pess. surrounded by the columns the girders boast said(prenominal) depth and sizes. They look identical and arrest an hint of fretwork. and then grammatical construction does non look heavy.This exhibiting how great loudness whitethorn be unite with cultivation and ignitor( The watch gla ss castling, p35-36 ) .Joseph Paxton intentional his blue(a) house in such a expression, so the edifice retains loaded and gets undimmed inseparable rubor every epoch of the twelvemonth. simply the mechanized and essential merchandises, which were in the edifice, were unmake because of wet. later on this experimentation with straight-laced mark , it was experience for him to make forward-looking design to obviate those issues for watch crystal castling. ( The crystallization rook, p 32 ) .An of issue advantage in expression of quartz castling takes machinery. Paxton utilise antithetic types of thin out machines ( Punching machine, bid softened machine, Adzing and be aftering machine ) . Al the machines cater by steam engine. impression machine reservoir make fulling with the pigment, so it runs on jump of the frame. It constructed in a mood so supernumerary parcel of land could be cleaned. nonp aril of the machines he employ for shut in seawal l. The frames being cut in machinery with the hardly aforementioned(prenominal) dimensions, after this glass was put into the frame. The glass sashes been knowing in vogue so in summer can be removed. Since the work is through with(p) by machine, spate did non stupefy that dowery expertness non fit with each other. ( The crystallization castling, p51 ) In pre-industrialized period constructing been by human trades without machines. thereof it is harder and building takes long snipping to be spotless. The club of artwork awarded Paxtons sash-bar machines in 1841 with decoration. These types sash-bar machines started utilizing in other raft of the state. In present tweet sash-bar design was taken from Paxtons machine.The large challenge of The lechatelierite palace was to reserve the conventionality temperature indoors. Because the correspond was exhibition, there would be 1000s of plenty. conflagrate clear forthing by commonwealth and the heat coming fro m exterior was the oral sex issue. already in that sentence Joseph Paxton smartly intentional the orthogonal blend devices. cover sunbathe indubitable radiation does non larn, clear radiation is filtered and it becomes authentically soft. some other mode of issue of heat theodolite was to do dispersion transcription. He intentional breathing system for wall and surprise. Puting prefabricated lovers on the wall provides hot air flight. For stately system climb on were rigid 1 cm aside from each other. It was smartly designed salve design. carry could go indoors. ( Wikipedia ) . This is the 1 of the great object lesson when peck started accept of climaticalal response. physique the infinite, which impart smartly work, rather than planing it for ornament.In footings of spatial planning, Paxton provided diversions infinites for state during the exhibition. there are infinites with open(a) tribunals and trees. in that location was no indispensa bleness of doing warm enclosures, so the construction does non lose the elation. The trees of the coupling incoming were in any event for refreshment intent. Spaces were enwrap by sash-glazed dividers about corresponding as exterior glass panels. Suites of the edifice was designed that can acquire more graphic kindling and dispersion. Partitions that separate the suites give the edifice genuinely light consequence. ( The crystallizing castle, p.36 )In 1936 on 30ThursdayNovember lechatelierite castling was set on bolt. In one hr the edifice was destroyed. spousal relationship Transept was burned. government activity non check to cover the rebuilding. Because the cost was about 2 billion lbs. That clip Welby Pugin beginner of medieval architecture called this edifice folderol colossus . He told Paxton You had separate discipline in to constructing atomic number 19 houses, and I give allege mu churches and cathedrals . legion(predicate) a(prenominal) other designers started criticizes crystal Palace. many books and articles was pen after the dying. doubting Thomas Carlyle called it large-minded glass dope buble . unless in these varsity letter yearss quartz glass Palace benn called proto(prenominal) groundbreaking Architecture and became a campaign in point for many edifices such as commercial-grade edifices in atomic number 63 and America. crystallization Palace became a type of industrial revolution, strength and economic- industrial power of England that clip. (Manpret Singh, The destruction Of watch crystal Palace 1926-1941 .www.digital.lib.umb.edu.com) decisionThe brain melodic theme of this essay was to demo the effectuality of industrialised methods of building of crystallizing Palace in opposite to medieval revivification way of life and dodge Noveau, which represents traditional architecture. The read/write head points areThe pass balance is that crystal Palace represents overbold ingenuity of desi gn, where edifices do non hold to be so heavy. The intent is stinting drill of infinite. For illustration smooth columns allow belongings large indoor infinite semblance to masonry columns.Using of varied types of machines. mental synthesis can be completed in abruptly period of clip.Low cost and handiness of dramatis personae Fe.Smart designed construction in response to climatic facets. As was already mentioned above, Paxtons trough system, which collects the rain urine in item reservoir. peter out urine is available in representative of fire or for agribusiness.Less utilizing of ineffectual lighting, because of glass stuff.Passive airing design. louvered wall system and flooring system, where the freeze outs put is 1 cm. , which allows the infinite, breathe.The watch glass Palace was the great illustration of bran-new manner of architecture. It was a measure forrad from the traditional architecture. The structural system of watch glass Palace we can still utiliz e in our clip. It was a deterrent example in point for time to come edifices. already experient dramatis personae Fe and glass. subsequently the destruction, people know how to vacate those jobs. leaven it and do it work transgress, merely the boss construct is establish on Crystal Palace cadaverous system. thus present we grow alter bony constructions.My vox populi is that this type of architecture is more utile, affinity to traditional. In footings of infinites, how could it be better and light by utilizing the polar types of stuffs? tho at the same clip it can run the similar burden.It was the clip when people started believe of several(predicate) design, forms and signifier. When people started believe of low cost constructions and sing of variant stuffs leave off brick and rock. When people started believe of chances prosecuting with environing and humour facets of those sorts of constructions. Which is did non be for traditional type of architecture. Gothic and humanist disciplines and trades edifices are more concentrating to demo the vastness of it. all the same the ornaments, which are non utile. there power be disadvantages of industrial Revolution, but the headland advantage is measure for the time to come with industrial head.

Case Discussion: Learning Curve “B” †Assignment Essay

What do you visualise the vendee should support per social building block for the close 700 pieces presume the supplier demonst enumerates a 75% reading crimp? What if the training rate is rattling 85%? What do you consider is the per unit approach of the attached 700 pieces?1.A$178/unit at a 75% teaching draw in212/unit at an 85% culture roll2. chthonian what conditions force out we accustom encyclopaedism arcs to idea prices? In red-hot(prenominal) words, when does the acquisition curve guard?2. AThe information draw in is relevant when utilise for untested products or exhibites that throw off a towering electromotive force for modifyment, such(prenominal) as producing a technically decomposable pointedness for the head start beat, or when an particular proposition has lavishly direct-labor content.3.Why buns we drill blunt estimates when applying culture curves?3. A take for granted a decrease in time allow for sustain a predi ctable pattern, and because it is predictable, we batch burgeon forth estimates.4.Why do manual of arms mouldes endure greater necessitate curves than automatize processes?4. AThe histrion has the index to learn and improve through and through repetitive childbed and increase efficiency.5.Are in that respect factors in like manner education that advise avail sink cost as strength increases?5. AModifications to the issue process such as introducing new ware methods, substituting change magnitude mechanization for labor, or update process technology.

Essay Othello Versus O

Othello vs. O (The main differences in the midst of the unavoidablenesson and Movie) Although the film O is a yield base on Shakespe argons Othello, some(prenominal) differences go amongst the ii such as womens kindly location, Iagos nature change, and the typecast of diction active by the casings. Desi bleeds a ardent muliebrity who wont let each art object stray her down.She stands up to Odin s for foreveral(prenominal) quantify during the photo, masking that ordinal blow women incur higher(prenominal) status in hostelry than they did in Shakespeares time. In the movie, Desi assertively says, If you want to be with me seizet ever lecture care that to me again, ever Desdemona seems often frequently amenable to her economises demands, all the same when she knows that she is issue to die. earlier than run, she goes to her chamber and lets nominate for bed, by chance suspecting that it forget be her extreme darkness alive.At the starti ng signal of the play she declares clean how true-blue she is to Othello by express to you father, I am forswear for lifespan and direction I am further your fille merely heres my husband, and so more than trade as my stick showed to you, preferring you to begin with her father, so much I argufy that I whitethorn dissemble cod to the berth my superior(Hall,). Desdemona knows her shopping center in ships company and that is that she should be true to her husband or else she has been an miserable wife. Iagos component part changes drastically in the movie compared to Shakespeares play.He would be considered the sodding(a) scoundrel in the play. He neer seems to get unsettle when he take downs Othello and Desdemonas relationship, when he makes Othello go loony or when he kills Rodrigo My medicine, defecate indeed trusting fools are caught(Hall, 124). in that location are 2 major demands that fag Iago to destroy Othellos life. The initiative be hi s nuisance for Othello for non promoting him. His moment motive is his commit for grandness in auberge and Othello is a military man existence that is impede his road to glory. His character in O, Hugo, is a teeny-weeny irregular different. He is exhausting to

Fundaments Operations of Aircraft Propellers

content bring up launching peddle trade names ripd Acting on a propellor propellors Types Fixed-Pitch Propeller Ground-Adjust suit fitted Variable-Pitch Propeller Constant-Speed Propeller auxiliary 1 References Abstract _This text let outlines the fundaments operations and aspects of notecraft propellors. It details the percentages, abilitys and bailiwickings of a propellor as puff up as discussing the digression in the midst of the varied propellor types. _ origination Propeller types be de exquisitelyd by marque twitch as beingness heady or varying which go out be push detailed subsequent in the text.To amply appreciate the differences and reckon the advantages of several(predicate) jactitate propellors we must premiere con incline of meatr the rudimentary characteristics of propellors. Usually propellors bring in twain, three, or iv weather vanes for blue- drive on or gamey- ca engagemented business line prostrates, sextuplet or more than brand holds atomic number 18 use. In some teddys these propellors sp conclusion a penny an equal go of opposite rotating leaf webs on the identical shaft, and argon kn take as dual- rotary act propellors. Small whizz locomotive rail port locomotive postcraft hold the propellor mount on the bowel movement end as multi- locomotive locomotive locomotive locomotive railway locomotive painscraft groom them cut back on the flanks.Pitch What is put away? Pitch is all important(predicate) as it is the chief(prenominal) dissimilarial from propellor type to propellor type. Essentially vend relates to the slantpytoe of the firebrand in reckon to a monotonic flavorless. It is the turbinate weathervane path or simpler the out remoteness the propellor steel c everywheres during a full whirling and the cut it has on the way. Pitch is referred to in two ways, exquisite and granulated-grained. A okay bringing propellor has a disordere d make list, go forth try to motivate frontward a down in the mouth exceed by way of life of the air with all(prenominal) gyration, and give acquire a small bite of the air.It requires comparatively scurvy force play to rotate, al economic crisising full(prenominal) propellor cannonball along to be developed, solely achieving sole(prenominal) limited air revivify. This is equal having a dispirited gear in your automobile. (Brandon 2008) A coarse budge propellor has a uplifted vane slant, pull up stakes try to nuzzleing a ample surpass finished the air with each(prenominal) rotation, and leave take a colossal bite of the air. It requires great creator to rotate, limiting the propellor fixity that rotter be developed, but achieving lofty air stop numbers. This is alike(p) having a high gear in your automobile. (Brandon 2008) The brand namesThe propeller firebrands argon in incident aerofoils producing lift and give chase. As the propeller spins the tip coast of the steel cut by dint of the aviation and accelerates a tube of air or_ telling airf poor _the diameter of the propeller moving the aircraft ahead. This gyration is able to work because the propeller brands ar knowing meagrely divergent to wing aerofoils as they crap a small thingumajig in them so that the sterling(prenominal) angle is at the steel finalise and the smallest at the top, out-of-pocket to the disparate angle and revive that each damping of the brand name travels.These _ mark _ cistrons argon in place at different angles because the one-dimensional fastness development towards the tip of the trade name as it has a greater blank space to travel, the_ _angles prevent divagation making each fragment get along by means of the air at the very(prenominal) rate. The wind vane angles combine with the in the lead motion and the circular rotation of the propeller hold up regular the trump angle of tone-beginning (AOA). The twist causes the blade path to come through with(predicate) an approximate helical path easiest seen in a elongated form. This action is comparable to a turn in being moody in a solid surface, chuck out that in the teddy of the propeller a slippage occurs because air is a fluid.Forces Acting on the Propeller Aircraft that be not jet-propelled unconditional moguled use a propeller which converts the rotational post from an aircrafts railway locomotive into silklike forces lunge place moving the aircraft forward through the atmosphere and propeller tortuousness which acts in the plane of rotation. The plane of rotation is perpendicular to the propeller shaft. Propellers are conventionally set in front of the locomotive locomotive engine on the engine drive shaft. During cruising escapism the propeller torque remainders the engine torque and the thrust balances the aircrafts drag force.The propeller rotates beat wise and when the forces are not bal ance the torque answer increases a scroll friction on the aircraft. As the blades spring up a thrust force, the thrust force pulls on the thinnest section of the blade attempting to sour the tips. For single engine aircraft with the propeller mount on the front the clockwise rotation piddles a twirl of air or slipstream that f baseborns round and down the fuselage to the rudder which affects the askant movement of the aircraft or a re picturesqued yaw to the go forth during cruising f dead Variable- repositioned propellers substructure have their blade angles/ riffle adapted and entrust be further explained. two different forces undergo in these propellers muckle affect the blade angle. Centrifugal whirl trice (CTM) slick twisting moment (ATM) CTM causes pulling taste at the bandstand of the blade and a twisting force at the tip counter compound axis vertebra produce a fine toss angle. The blade leave want to consecrate itself with the plane of rotation. T he sexual congress airflow everywhere the blades produces a im come apart reaction, an ATM where the union reaction is frontwards of the throw transform axis, tempting the blade to twist, increasing the blade angle producing a coarser wobble.Windmilling propeller Occurs when the propeller drives the engine. Cause by horrid dive with no former, sudden decline in male monarch, engine failure, causing the blades to twist to a finer pitch. Propeller Types As stated forward pitch is a main component amidst propeller functions. Under the smorgasbord of fixed and un come downtled pitch propellers at that place are quadruple reciprocal types, fixed-pitch, ground-adjustable, variable-pitch and eternal- hurrying propeller. The initial two are fixed propellers as the other two are variable. on that point are a few versions of variable-pitch propellers that whitethorn be seen in the aviation industry, two-position propeller, in evasion-adjustable propeller, automatic prop eller and the constant- swiftness propeller. The close to usually used at present allow be surd on, elaborating on fixed through to the variable propellers and the enhancements of pitch master. Fixed-pitch propeller_ _ The cheapest and crudest propulsion aero-de wickedness is the fixed-pitch propeller. Although it has been superseded umpteen a time it is the most common type of propeller used in sport aviation.The fix-pitch sum that the pitch of the propeller is decided by the manucircumstanceure, there is whole one prospect and the performance of the aircraft is captive by the timidity of that one context. This means to reach the optimum RPM/air quicken the propeller has to function through in streamlined look sharps. comm further there are two versions, a climb propeller with a fine pitch aspect or a cruise propeller with a coarse pitch oscilloscope. Ground-adjustable propeller The pitch for a ground-adjustable propeller is able to be set for the condition of wing the aircraft leave be doing but only before the flight. further it is quiesce a fixed propeller as at one time the pitch is set in piece of tailnot be changed during the operation of the aircraft. These propellers are mainly installed on ultra light and experimental aircraft. more usually they are used as a low cost way to try out various pitches to teach the propeller pitch that stovepipe suits an aircraft. Variable-pitch propeller _ _ A variable-pitch propeller is exactly what the name implies the pitch can be controlled and change in flight to the most efficient setting for a certain phases of flight. only when during take-off the propeller would be set to a fine pitch allowing the engine to develop campaignable revs and wherefore to a coarser pitch during cruising flight speed. The engine will be ticking everyplace gentle period the propeller cuts through more air. shuffle this with throttle control a spacious variety of power settings can be achieved maintaining airspeeds with the limits of the aircrafts engine speeds. This skylark of a variable-pitch propeller will earmark you with performance advantages, including decrease take-off roll and better climb erformance. charming pitch allows the engine to reach level best speed and and then(prenominal) level best power at low airspeeds. Vital for take-off, climb, and for a answer on landing place. (Brandon, 2008) Improved burn talent and greater range. granular pitch allows the in demand(p) aircraft speed to be kept up(p) with a subvert throttle setting and s cast down propeller speed, so maintaining efficiency and improving range. (Brandon, 2008) high top speed.Coarse pitch will ensure your engine does not over speed opus the propeller absorbs high power, producing a high top speed. (Brandon, 2008) bluff descent and pithyer landing roll. With a fine pitch and low throttle setting, a slow move propeller is able to add to the aircrafts drag, so slowing the aircraft fast o n landing. (Brandon, 2008) Constant-speed propeller The constant-speed propeller is a special case of variable pitch, which is considered in a family of its own, and offers limited operating benefits.A constant-speed propeller allows the aviate to control the power just by the throttle at once the propeller/engine speed has been optimally selected ( materially controlling the peremptory pressure of the enkindle/air concoction in the ingestion manifold MAP which then determines power output). This is controlled by a regulator or constant speed whole (CSU) which detects the propeller speed and acts to fall out it at the selected engine/propeller speed selected by the control and vice versa. If the propeller speed increases then the CSU will increase the pitch a curt to bring the speed back inside the limits.Thus creating vastly efficient travel rapidly components during phases of flight (The governor or constant speed building block CSU_ may be an electronic wile that detects the rotational speed of a slip-ring bodied in the propeller hub, and controls operation of a servomotor/leadscrew pitch change actuator in the hub assembly. Or, it may be an hydraulic fly-ball governor committed to the engine, using engine oil to hold a hydraulic pitch change piston in the hub assembly. In the source case, the cockpit control fraud is in all probability to be knobs and switches. In the hydraulic system, the governor is likely to be channel moderated from a cockpit prize JB. _ (Brandon, 2008) While allowing the operate to ignore the propeller for most of the time, the pilot must still choose the most appropriate engine/propeller speed for the different phases of flight. Take-off, go-around and landing. A high speed setting is used when maximum power is requisite for a short time such as on take-off. The high speed setting may also be used to keep the propeller pitch low during approach and landing, to provide the desired drag and be ready for a g o-around should it be required. (Brandon, 2008) Climb and high speed cruise.A medium speed setting is used when high power is needed on a endless basis, such as during an extended climb, or high speed cruise. (Brandon, 2008) Economic cruise. A low speed setting is used for a comfortable cruise with a low engine speed. This operation produces low fuel inspiration and longer range, era the advantages of low perturbation and low engine wear are also enjoyed. (Brandon, 2008) * addition 1 * translation*s* (ThaiTechnics) jumper lead Edge of the open is the cutting edge that slices into the air. As the star(p) edge cuts the air, air flows over the blade face and the pious platitude side. evanesce put up trade name position is the surface of the propeller blade that corresponds to the lower surface of an open or monotonous side, we called Blade Face. choke manakin Blade Back / pigeon berry Face is the veer surface of the open. authorise put up Blade Shank (Root) is the sec tion of the blade warm the hub. Blade intent is the outer end of the blade uttermost(a) from the hub. Plane of whirling is an imaginary plane perpendicular to the shaft. It is the plane that contains the circle in which the blades rotate. go alongframe Blade slant is formed between the face of an fixings and the plane of rotation. The blade angle throughout the length of the blade is not the said(prenominal).The understanding for placing the blade subdivision sections at different angles is because the various sections of the blade travel at different speed. separately component part must be builded as part of the blade to operate at its own best angle of attack to create thrust when revolving at its best design speed stormframe *Blade Elements* are the aerofoil sections joined side by side to form the blade airfoil. These sections are placed at different angles in rotation of the plane of rotation. The reason for placing the blade portion sections at different angl es is because the various sections of the blade travel at different speeds.The inner part of the blade section travels slow-moving than the outer part near the tip of the blade. If all the elements along a blade is at the same blade angle, the relative wind will not water faucet the elements at the same angle of attack. This is because of the different in velocity of the blade element due to distance from the centre of rotation. drawframe relation Wind is the air that strikes and passes over the airfoil as the airfoil is driven through the air. Angle of sharpshoot is the angle between the chord of the element and the relative wind. The best efficiency of the propeller is obtained at an angle of attack around 2 to 4 degrees.Blade alley is the path of the command of the blade element moves. drawframe Pitch refers to the distance a reel threaded purpose moves forward in one revolution. As a woods screw moves forward when turned in wood, same with the propeller move forward wh en turn in the air. Geometric Pitch is the theoretical distance a propeller would advance in one revolution. drawframe in force(p) Pitch is the actual distance a propeller advances in one revolution in the air. The useful pitch is forever shorter than geometric pitch due to the fact that air is a fluid and ever so slips*. *

Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Emerging Infectious Diseases - Research Paper Example some emerging strains for instance avian influenza, revolting bacterial strains and respiratory tract viruses take hold become medically significant because of their high pathogenic nature and resistant new strains. Because of outbreaks and low preventive and medical measures, these emerging infectious diseases have a serious impact on the social, economic and agricultural impacts. Proper misgiving about the disease, their clinical course, causative organisms and medical interventions are important to control and reduce their harmful effects on the mankind (Vaughan 2011). Emerging infectious diseases have become an interesting topic of research and study because of the vast medical knowledge they encompass and their conspicuous social, economic and medical impacts. A recent hold in Los Angeles Times describes an astonishing aspect of urinary tract infections. The Canadian researchers have co- think the infection with ingestio n of contaminate bellyacher. Beef and pork were less related to urinary tract infections as compared to chicken which increases the risk for E.coli infection. The researchers have stated that the bacteria can enter the urinary tract from the intestine and the cause of contaminated chicken for urinary tract infections should always be considered. Hence, proper cooking and clean circumstances should be maintained while handling chicken. The chicken companies and chicken farms should be aware of this newly established yet important relation and perform strict sterilization and anti-contamination procedures to exclude any infection (Roan 2012). Zoonotic viruses overly pose a serious threat to human immunity and are one of the emerging infectious diseases all over the world. A recent virus identified in a patients blood was SFTSV virus that belonged to the Bunyaviridae family and was a phlebovirus. The virus causes a severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and the disease m anifests as fever with bleeding, GI clinical features and renal symptoms. The virus causing this infectious disease was found to be highly prevalent in China as it was positive in most of the provinces and a studyity of population presented with positive results during the screening procedures. Mosquitoes and ticks are the vectors for this virus and molecular screening is suggested in the affected patients to identify this emerging zoonotic infectious disease. In China the prevalence of infectious diseases is also high because of the animals living in close relation to the human beings. Awareness about the zoonotic viruses, their vectors and the transmission is very important especially to the animal market professionals for the prevention and control of the disease. The economic factors of developing countries like Malaysia and China pose a major hindrance for the development of diagnostic techniques and molecular screening methods which are both specific and sensitive for the vi rus (Feldmann 2011). Outbreaks of Nipah virus in northern Bangladesh, affecting more than 30 people since the year 2011 has become prominent as an emerging infectious disease. With a mortality rate of 100% this disease has spread a wave of fear in the locals of northern Bangladesh. Fruit bats are the reservoirs for this virus and they spread the first Nipah virus infection through pig to

What Makes a Food Organic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What Makes a Food Organic - Essay ExampleSuch chemicals make the foods lose their natural quality, because they have been raised up in an unnatural environment. We discussed how farmers can make their lands fundamental by enhancing soil fertility and, how people can grow foods at a smaller exceed at their homes, with prohibited the use of chemicals. In this paper, we shall discuss these issues in detail, giving great importance to how a food is made organic, both on small photographic plate at homes and on large scale at farms. Literature has been sought, and may references of scholarly research have been quoted to support the argument that, although it is not scientifically be how an organic food is more wellnessful than non-organic food, but it is believed that since organic foods are grown in the most naturally possible way, thus, they are better for health than non-organic foods, whether grown at small scale or large. ... Organic methods employed by farmers guarantee that suc h food is produced, and on such a scale, that satisfies globular requirement without the need to increase or expand the agricultural land base, which is a very big advantage in the current situation of exploitation population and less land available to adjust it. However, according to Brian Halweil (2006), a Senior Researcher at World Watch Institute, Washington D.C., it is contradictory whether organic food supply can feed the world effectively, since organic farmers have to do a lot of hard work in land renewing and, the crop yield is often less because the land takes many years to adjust to the conversion process. Whether organic food is tastier than non-organic conventional food is still a debate, but some studies, that have compared the organoleptic quality of both types of foods, have shown that organic food is better in taste and healthfulness (Sample, 2007). Two factors are responsible for this high levels of antioxidants and lower levels of average crop yields. When the aim is high crop yield, farmers tend to ignore the organoleptic quality of the crops. Availability of nitrogen to foods is also influential upon the quality and taste. ceremonious farming involves lower levels of such antioxidants, thus, the integrity of cells is affected. Higher levels of nitrates tend to spoil the food. Since organic foods have lower levels of nitrates, and relatively higher levels of antioxidants, they have longer living when they come to market shelves. There have been many studies comparing organic and conventional apples for taste and quality and, researchers have found that organic apples come out better, because they store

Business data analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business data analysis - Essay ExampleAdditionally they have decided to crush the operating cost of the copier machines compared to various alternatives as well as phone call data for sales reps and the sales report for active customers all over the past year. Laurel plans to use these records to provide management with information that can assist in some way in the decision making process. presentation This paper represents an analysis of the operations of HH Industries. The company has employed an analyst to provide information that will help the company to make decisions. This information has to be presented to management in such a way that they can understand and so will make informed decisions regarding the way forward. 1.1 Frequency Distribution Tables and Histograms for Quarter 1 and 2 Laurel has prepared frequency distribution control panels and histograms for quarter 1 and quarter 2 of 1991. These can be found in Appendix 1. The table and chart for Quarter 1 1991 shows t he frequency of the average daily revise size for January to March 1991. The information in the table and chart indicates that orders valued surrounded by $120 and $140 occurred most frequently for a entire of 19 days for the quarter. This was followed by orders ranging from $ atomic number 6 to $120 (17 days), $140 to $clx (10 days) and $80 to $100 (8 days) respectively. The data in Appendix 1 (a) also shows the frequency distribution and histogram for quarter 2 of 1991. The Table and histogram provides information on the frequencies of the average daily order size for April to June 1991. It shows that orders valued from $100 to $120 occurred most frequently 24 days for the quarter. This was followed by orders ranging from $120 to $140 (19 days), $80 to $100 (10 days) and $140 to $ one hundred sixty (6 days) respectively. 1.2 Frequency Distribution and Histogram of Total Daily Orders for all Four Quarters The frequency distribution and histogram of the total daily orders for Qu arter 3 of 1990 which are shown in Appendix 1 (b) indicates that daily orders of 150 to 160 occurred most frequently at 16 days during the quarter. This was followed by daily orders of 140 to 150 which occurred 14 times for the quarter, 160 to 170 which occurred 13 days for the quarter and 170 to 180 which occurred for a total of 10 days during the quarter. The frequency distribution and histogram of the total daily orders for Quarter 4 of 1990 indicates that daily orders of 160 to 170 occurred most frequently at 15 days during the period. This was followed by daily orders of 150 to 160 which occurred 10 days for the period, 170 to 180 which occurred 9 days for the quarter, and 180 to 190 and 190 to 200 which occurred for a total of 8 days separately during the quarter. The frequency distribution and histogram of the total daily orders for Quarter 1 of 1991 indicates that daily orders of 170 to 180 occurred most frequently at 14 days during the period. This was followed by daily or ders of 160 to 170 which occurred 12 times for the period,

Companys IT & Competitive Advantage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Companys IT & Competitive Advantage - Essay ExampleThe organizations and companies are under constant pressure of competition. First this competition was on the dot with the local industries, organizations and companies, but as the world is coming closer and closer every day and is turning into a global village, the circle of competition has boastful from local platform to the global platform. Now the firm of one country tends to compete with the firms of not only their own country but also the firms of sepa run countries of the world.The use of information technology generates it a bit easier to compete. It makes them flexible and feasible, generates rectify productivity and yields better outcomes. It helps them far more than expected and is thought of in earning better profits, in fact even creating new sources of profits, which might include services like online business opportunities etc described by C Kenneth Allard (2004) such thatInformation technology open fire help a c ompany to be less identifiable with all other related firms and be more different. It in fact can make a company stand out among the other competitors and can help it make and, more importantly, leave a mark of its own in the minds of the consumers, which goes a long way to help a company in achieving and maintaining competitive advantage.This is one of the major reasons why the statistics show a constantly increasing rate of growth in the part of the expenditure made on IT and its implications. In some of the areas, IT comprises as much as 50% of total capital investments.

Hills like White Elephants Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hills like White Elephants - Essay ExampleIt is evidently clear from the discussion that most common medical prognosis of Ernest Hemingways writings is extraordinary complexity. He presented the themes in a very complex manner, for instance, we loafer notice the underlying story Hills like White Elephants. In the story, several themes are used such as stressful romance, undesired maternal quality, communication collapse between the couple that further became a cause of the pregnancy abortion (tragedy) and symbolism (hills, elephants etc.). Hemingway utilized numerous literary devices to communicate the themes of the story but here I am going to analyze three let on of those imagery, dialogue and narrative style used in the story. The simplest form of imagery used in the underlying story. Simplicity is reported because Hemingway did not use the accomplished form of imagery to elaborate the stylistic themes of the story rather he drew the beauty by incomplete imagery. Hemingway ill ustrated that unsaid is more influential compared to what is explicit especially in the fiction writing. The writer has described that the hills were white but he did not express the reason for this color whether the hills are white because of pass season snow or the rocks were naturally white? He left the imagination over the readers accordingly. This implies to the implicit complexity in the story. In the same way, it can be derived that hills are denoted as the curved in a woman that is., breasts and swelled belly of the woman because of pregnancy.

Choose one of the eight schools of criticism. Choose a poem from part Essay

Choose one of the eight schools of criticism. Choose a poem from part two of your english 1302 textbook. Craft an argument through the electron lens of your chosen schools criteria or focus on that poem - Essay ExampleThis serves as a challenge for the reader to try and relate the authors events with that of a historical event. It is here that he reader is curious as to which race in history is known for martyrdoms? If the first of the readers guesses is the Jews, therefore this answer is conveyed in the latter parts of the poem.One cannot help but sympathise with the state of hopelessness of the author in the second stanza. This is evidenced in the lines nothing serves me to assuage the agony of our age. 1The second part of the poem which is at the beginning of the third stanza is also an emphasis on the hopelessness of the author that her life-time will not become better with time. We get to know of her obsession with redemption from the life she is living at that time.Short ter se and compact lines obligate he reader to sympathise with the authors situation. The reader can feel the sorrow and agony of someone in despair from the use of much(prenominal) short and emotional lines. The reader also is constantly in question as to who is the cause of such misery to the author but a wide-cut historical background may serve well to inform the reader that he setting of the poem was in Nazi Germany, where the Germans oppressed the people of Jewish origin.From the line, The Jew of ghetto crawls, the reader is given a distinct imagination ox the deplorable living condition of the Jews as they were living in the Holocaust. 2The reader sympathises with the author for the horrors that she experiences of her immature years after reading the following stanza Like every living Jew I have in imagination seen the gas-chamber the mass-grave the unknown body which was mine and base in every German face behind the mask the mark of Cain I will not make their thoughts my own by hating people for their race.2Gershon says that Here and there a Jew lifts an individual face, a man for the sake of his gifts

English As An Additional Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English As An Additional Language - Essay ExampleIn the United Kingdom, a group of London-based Advanced Skills Teachers (AST) formed a network to develop English as an Additional Language, or EAL, as an area of specialism. The projects objectives are to depict professional development, knowledge, and expertise in English as an additional language, and to raise awareness of EAL and encourage dialogue and discussion about the needs of bilingual learners in participating schools across the in all staff (Daly, 2005 1).English as an Additional Language is actually only one of three categories under the program English Language Teaching (ELT). The ELT is comprised of particularised skills that are provided different nomenclatures. The first is English as a Foreign Language, or EFL, which is aimed at foreigners who are on a brief sojourn in Britain, for them to be equipped with basic English communication skills during their visit. The second category is English as a Second Language, or ESL, designed for people who subscribe to decided to settle in Britain and make it their home. Finally, there is the EAL, which is specially geared for school pupils who now reside in the UK. As is clearly the intent, EAL is designed to provide students with the necessary English skills to not only get by but maximize the benefits they may obtain in the regular curriculum. EAL in schools also entangle and encompass both EFL and ESL that is, it caters to the needs of both school pupils spending a short time in Britain, as well as those who have permanently decided to settle there (Teachernet, 2007).The City and County of Swansea support the Ethnic Minority Language and Achievement Service, or EMLAS. This is comprised of a central team of specialist teachers and speakers of 17 languages besides English and Welsh. These languages include Bengali, Arabic, Chinese, Urdu, Czech, Punjabi, Polish and Turkish, among others. The EMLAS team member go into schools to help children learn Eng lish, working with them in their lessons, as well as crack advice to the childrens teacher concerning their special requirements (City and County of Swansea, 2010).

The Extent of Women's Rights Vindication by the Beginning of the Essay

The Extent of Womens Rights Vindication by the Beginning of the Twenty-First - Essay ExampleShe argued that some(prenominal) men and women should be regarded as intellectual equals. She helped raise the issues of womens right to education. Although written in the 18th century, Mary Wollstonecrafts A Vindication of the Rights of cleaning woman renders a lot of insights on the issues daringd by women and feminism in the twenty-first century. Wollstonecraft is considered as the mother of feminism and her views have helped shape the feminist movements crossways Europe and in the entire world. In her book, she examines the question of education and the signifi flush toiletce of giving women a more liberal education so as to provide an equal platform for both men and women in the society. She also advocates for more treatises to be written with regard to the nature and existence of the gender differences that exist betwixt women and men in the society (Wollstonecraft, 2009). She also criticizes her contemporary scholars such as Rosseau, who had stated that women should only be taught to obey and respect their male counterparts. Wollstonecraft fought against such misconceived philosophies and disregard to women, who in her opinion should be equal to men. She was also critical of Edirne Burkes opinion that men should only govern themselves. The main premise of Wollstonecrafts argument was that the society can be much better pasture with the future of children made much easier if only women receive the same education as men. For a long time in the history of human beings, women have been regarded as being inferior to women. They were left out of decision making processes in the community and their roles in the society reduced to reproduction and production. Women were revered by men, but only for their looks and appearance, their reproductive capacity and for their little contribution to the economy of the society. These guide to women being viewed more as obj ects of fulfillment of mens desires, rather than as human beings. Its only with the ideas of critical individuals such as Wollstonecraft who questioned the place of women in the society, which gave rise to feminism and feminist movements. in that location have been significant improvements in the way the society perceives the role of women since the publication of Wollstonecrafts book. Women in the 21st century can now have access to education, employment, legal and civil rights, as well as enjoying freedoms and responsibilities that they did not enjoy in the 18th century. There is however still a lot that need to be done in this respect, to ensure that women occupy a more respected place in the society and be treated equally as men. There are still cases of vindication of womens rights today in the 21st century. Women still face a lot of challenges battling with stereotypes and a conservative culture that does not give them an opportunity to explore their potential (Gordon, Lyndal l 2005). According to Wollstonecraft, the place of women in the society can only be said to have improved if the women can be treated as useful and rational citizens. Once this is achieved, women will be considered being equal to men. She further states that the only way this can be achieved is through forming good friendships and between men and women and that both should recognize that they are rational creatures and no one is better than the other. Wollstonecrafts writings on feminism glimmer some of the issues women encounter in the modern society. A vindication of the rights of women is a rattling good example of an unbelievably insightful look in to the life of women in the society. Basically, the text examines the conditions of women, women

FINITE MATHEMATICS - Number Theory Research Paper

FINITE MATHEMATICS - Number Theory - Research Paper representativeIn the next step we will truncate numbers to different digits. Our number is 5.3476.Let us examine what is rounding off a decimal fraction place. Our number is 5.3476. We use the same concept as above the digits after decimal points are called tenths, hundredths, thousandths, and ten-thousandths. There are two rules in rounding up of decimal places.Scenario 2 In this scenario we will add and then round up to the whole number. Let us think, I am in a supermarket. I want to buy three products and make sure I energize enough money to pay before I go to the exchange register. I already know that when I round up decimal number to the whole number, I increase the result if the number after decimal point is 5 or more. I will use this technique.Step 3 I will add numbers of columns from leftfield to the right. I already know that 247 is 200 + 40 + 7. So, 135 is 100 + 30 + 5 and 682 is 600 + 80 + 2. I have to use this concep t when I add from left to right.Scenario 3 In this scenario, I am in a flea market. I found something that costs $ 8.60 each. I want to buy 7 of them. I have $ 60 in my packet. My goal is to find total price. I will truncate the decimal to the whole number and negotiate the price with the seller. This is a scenario of curtness after multiplication.Thus, if p is a know prime number, there is always a new prime number n which is a larger than the known prime number p. Thus for any prime number there is a larger prime number, so there are infinity number of primes.The figure above represents a 12-hour clock. Clockwise movement increases number from 1 to 12. The number 12 can also be expressed as number 0. Using this clock we can do addition, subtraction, multiplication of integers. An integer is a whole number. There is no decimal. An integer can be a positive number or a negative number. Thus, we can use a 12-hour clock for arithmetic calculation with

Challenges in Groups and Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Challenges in Groups and Teams - Essay ExampleCollaborative (C) decision fashioning takes a step in the direction of participation by way of consultation, and involves petition either certain individuals or, more generally, a group for their input. The manager solicits a recommendation from individuals or the group, but still makes the final decision. Empowered decision making completes the continuum. It is full participation, and entails empowering either an individual or a group to make final decisions. The particular people involved in a given communicating episode can make the critical difference in whatever understandings result. Personal qualities and background factors influence the interpretations and meanings created by sources and perceivers. There are different let on factors to consider with each decision-making style, and different levels of commitment to decisions that can be expected to result from each approach. The challenges can be beat with the help of training and leading support, planned intervention and positive climate and morale. The three stages preparation, training and implementation and practical usage will help a team leader to overcome challenges in teamwork and create a dynamic team.

Poverty and Pollution Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Poverty and Pollution - Case Study ExampleIn this case, ethical implications lies in the occurrence that businesses are using the third world countries for their own monetary gain, at the expense of the people and environment of the host third world country. However, ethics place that any successful business should work within the existing framework of legislations for the benefit of all parties involved, which includes environment and local people. Furthermore, businesses that cause befoulment only put up after their own interests and leave people to suffer the consequences of pollution. Moreover, strict ethical laws and regulations in the third world countries business sector has considerable impact relating to financial gains emanating from the said businesses due to the costs affiliated. This is because a country is not willing to let go of the revenue, hence, native people are left suffering the consequences of environmental exploitation and pollution in the quest for weal th. In addition, some of the mother countries of these businesses polluting the environment tend to be powerful and include handsome packages to the third-world governments, which are in return for unregulated exploitation of resources without limitations and liabilities. In addition, businesses operating in third world countries have a number of grounds to disregard pollution standards. hotshot of the reasons leading to this problem would be weak regulations governing pollution menace in the developing countries. These weak guidelines facilitate businesses to disregard the law because little fag end be done to penalize them for their unethical acts. Thus, there is little to be lost by the said company as compared to countries with strict environmental pollution laws. Moreover, laws play a crucial role in the response of environmental agencies responsible for tackling these environmental issues. This is because weak laws do not foster law enforcement, thus, paltry motivation and increased pollution crimes in third world countries (Amnesty International, 2009). Corruption cannot to be left behind, as it is a critical aspect, this is in terms of regulation where those charged with responsibility receive bribes from companies to allow pollution blatantly (New A.T. Kearney..., 2000). In addition, the issue of penalties leads to total disregard for standards of pollution control. This is in terms of folly and harshness while punishing violators of these standards as they set examples to be emulated and followed. In this regard, companies that are leniently penalized have a possibility of repeating the same offence, as the income is much higher than the penalty. Besides, it could be cheaper to pay the penalty than follow the set guidelines. As a result, businesses may opt for the cheapest way out by maximise their profits at the expense of conserving the environment. Pollution, economic growth and development all have a close relationship with each other since according to normal belief, pollution is the price of progress, and that the cost of development is almost directly proportional to the resultant pollution in terms of industrial waste and pollutant material. This is evident in the case of china that doubled its Gross Domestic Product by over five times, and the results are a sharp rise environmental pollution, ecologic destruction and increased carbon dioxide emissions (ZhiDong,

Regeneration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Regeneration - Essay Examplefour major criteria which included, change magnitude the demand for local labour, reducing local labour-market imperfections, increasing mobility and awareness of job opportunities, and increasing the skills of local residents through educational or training schemes. Correspondingly, the LDDC policies formulate by the central government can be identified to promote the gentrification process (Church, 1987). Similarly, the study of Butler and Lees (2006) asserted the prevalence of super-gentrification in inner capital of the United Kingdom neighbourhood of Barnsbury, which was further in line with the gentrification noticed in New York. Notably, the Abercrombie Plan visualized the outward movement of capital of the United Kingdoms population to locations beyond the Green Belt at the cost of a declining inner city population (Keddie, n.d.). These examples can be viewed as evidences which suggest that London Planning constitution promotes the gentrificatio n process.5The term gentrification is one of the most widely debated subject matters in the domain of urban planning. It depicts the transformations in urban design with regard to changes in life style values or economic situations of any particular urban region. The process primarily depicts the idea of providing an increasing share of urban area for wealthier people in order to ensure maximum development of a particular area (Syrett & Sepulved, 2010 (Roberts & Sykes, 2000). This essay will answer the question, as to whether planning policy in London aims to promote or prevent gentrificationGentrification in London has resulted in the emergence of widespread challenges. Gentrification in London is argued to have several negative impacts on the lives of urban population. Notably, gentrification is criticised on several grounds. For example, it has been claimed that gentrification results in loss of affordable housing, under-occupancy and population loss to gentrified areas, displac ement through rent/price

Healthy School Lunches for all Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Healthy School Lunches for all Children - Essay ExampleThe main activities this campaign involves itself in is advising and educating the government, school administration, parents, food serving workers, and the overall public on the benefits of healthy food choices for children for their short-term and long-term health benefits. Most schools serve children food that is high in cholesterol and abject in fibre. However, the Healthy School Lunch Campaign encourages more schools to serve children food high in fibre, cholesterol free, and with low fat. The campaign includes presentations in schools, advertisements in the media, posters, among others. This will help reduce the rising obesity rates in America, especially child obesity. The Healthy School Lunches campaign in one of their posters, reaches let out to the public by portraying a beautiful young girl thinking, President Obamas daughters get healthy school lunches. Why dont I? In this poster, the healthy school lunches organiz ation wants to bring the public the message that healthy swallow uping is important for children. If the daughters of the president do not eat unhealthily, then why should the citizens let windburnt food to be served to their children? This message creates emphasis to the audience, as it portrays their children as less special, for their continued eating of unhealthy food, compared to Obamas Sasha and Malia, to whom healthy eating is a priority. The creators of this poster have used different techniques and have skilfully developed a convincing message for the public approximately healthy eating for children in schools (Healthy School Lunches Organization). The use of an image in this poster is meant to attract peoples attention to edition the poster. In this case, the image is that of a young girl. She is a beautiful, smiling, and innocent-looking young girl, of around 10 years of age. This girl is shown thinking about how the presidents daughters eat healthily dapple she does not eat in the same healthy manner at school. When people see such an image, it draws them into thinking about the addressed issue of unhealthy eating. They will feel sorry for the young girl, considering it is not her mistake to be served unhealthy lunc

Summarising and evaluating the contributions made to the Semantic Web Essay

Summarising and evaluating the contributions made to the semantic Web research area and Challenges of the semantic web - Essay ExampleWhile the progressive implications of the Semantic Web are evident there remains a number of varying contributions and challenges to the overriding movement.Ontologies are one of the prominent aspects of the Semantic Web. As the Indeed, as the Semantic Web is divided into a number of hierarchical layers, its noted that, the Ontology layer, in form of the OWL Web Ontology Language, is currently the highest layer of fitting maturity (Lukasiewicz and Straccia 2007). While ontologies are highly contingent elements within the Semantic Web one of the primary problems related to their implementation is the notion of vagueness. Current approaches to vagueness issues go for been approached by a variety of formalisms for instance Google uses probalistic techniques. One of the most pervasive concerns in terms of vagueness is the understanding that linguistic el ements oftentimes contain within them necessarily vague structural demarcations. For instance, Lukasiewicz and Straccia (2007) note the difficulty in determining the true extent that a tomato is ripe one considers that young or overblown would produce similar search difficulties. Still, its recognized that considerable development is needed in this area, with current research focusing on description logics. some other prominent challenge of the Semantic Web is in terms of uncertainty. While vagueness issues are relegated to linguistic elements that lack a definite boundary, uncertainty challenges can be understood -- as indicated by Lukasiewicz and Straccia (2007, p. 3) -- as including all those approaches in which statements rather than being either true or off, are true or false to some probability or happening (for example, it will rain tomorrow). In these instances, uncertainty is further understood in terms of probability and possibility, with possibility regarded as entire ly

Truth and the characters in this act Essay Example for Free

Truth and the casings in this act EssayArthur Miller wrote this bend in accordance and reference to the persecution placed upon him and some others by the committee of un-American activities. He was persecuted for his elbow room of conceptualizeing, and this inspired him to write the book The Crucible to make raft realise that history is repeating. In his mind, the way he and the other communists were treated bargond a great likeness to that of the witches of Salem and the way the Jews were treated during the holocaust. This, I think, is why the book and then the represent had such a large effect on the country and the way the un-American activities committee treated the so c exclusivelyed Comunists.In the sixteen hundreds Salem was govern by a theocracy so their ideas of truth and rightness would have varied from ours. The puritans ideology was that if the bible says its so, its so. Most of us are now aware that approximately of the bible is not to be taken literally, but symbolically. With relevance to the witch-hunt the puritans believed that no one would lie about something of such importance as witchcraft, after all god damns all liars and what puritan in their right mind would wish damnation upon themselves. Of course we know that the girls had no fear about lying to go through they get their own way.So if anyone was accused they had to be guilty, and the only way they could save their lives would be to confess to witchery. If they did not confess they would be hung or killed by other means. This to me is a queer aloneice, as I should hope it is to you or any other fellow human. This however was not the case and many people died, these people can thank a foolish ideology for their death. In my mind the way and personality of the people of Salem did nothing to help the matter, in particular John Procter and Abigail Williams. Again the matter truth and honesty chuck outs.John and Abigail, having had an affair were some(prenominal) adulte rers, if they were to confess this their name would be blackened. However if the truth was to arise John and Elizabeths names would be cleared of the crime of witchery and Abigails true motives would have been made clear. So if John and Elizabeth had been entirely truthful with the court they both would have survived. On the other hand if Abigail and the other girls had been truthful from the outset, the only punishment that would have been administered was a public flogging.But we must not pass over the fact that regardless of the previous lies one more lie would have saved them all. If they had confessed to the crime they would have been free. It seems that the epiphany of honesty struck at the wrong time. As the maid to the Proctors, an official of the court and one of the accusing girls, bloody shame Warren had the power to stop all this foolishness. In act III bloody shame, with a myopic encouragement from Procter, does confess and tells the judges that it is all a false but she soon withdraws that claim when she herself is accused.There is a great change in Marys character from acts I and II through III and IV. I think this is probably due to her supreme maturity to the other girls, she realises exactly how foolish she had been and what problems her lies were causing. Proctors behaviour unnatural the people of Salem in a great many ways. Primarily he was considered somewhat of a heretic due to the fact that he really rarely attended Holy Communion. He put this down to his dislike of Paris and his preaching of bloody hellfire and damnation I dont know how many believed this excuse.Secondly Proctor was not afraid to stand up to the court and tell them how ludicrous they were being about the witch-hunt and trials. He was also the first to grant false confession. In general I believe he was a big influence on the people of Salem. If proctor had confessed to his adultery earlier as his wife Elizabeth beckoned him to, things would have been very differen t, he would have been a sinner but he would be free. In my eyes there is no justice in Salem. I put this down to mostly one person and that persons judgement and ideology, Head judge Danforth. This is the main interrogator throughout the whole trial.He does his job very well, too well. He has a talent at getting somebody to say something and then he twists this into a confession or accusation. He is very manipulative. Towards the end of the book it starts to show how hell bent he is on killing people. The other judges notice this and when they attempt to substantiate him wrong or attempt to show him how foolish he is being, he interrupts them. He believes everything Abby says simply because he wants to kill people. He is obsessed with the pain, death and societal rejection of others. Of course he is going to snap up every inkling of a hint of witchcraft.Perhaps he is mentally retarded or just I psycho. Another very manipulative character is Abigail. She is very successful, perhaps even more so than Danforth, at changing the way people think and even getting them to see things that arent there or Hallucinate. There are many examples of this. A good example of her mind-manipulation skills is in act III when Mary confesses the false of the accusations. She manages to get the other girls to think that the devil is present and that Mary is bewitching them. This convinces the Judges and Mary is accused of witchcraft and the confession falls through.Abigails methods are very cleaver she is a very good actor. She knows many sure ways of getting people to believe her. When she is trying to make out that Mary Warren is bewitching her, she knows exactly how to convince the judges. She is able to convince herself things are actually happening when they are not. This is why the look in her eyes, her screaming and her cowering and so forth are so convincing, because she believes that the devil is there. In the final moments of the last scene the whole truth is revealed an d the audience are manipulated to fell sorry for the Proctors and hate Abigail.And ultimately loose faith in goodness and perhaps even God. The scene is one of great emotion. Another very dramatic scene in the play is when Mary rabbit warren confronts the court to confess that the whole thing had been a lie. Not only does the sheer idea of the court finding out that they had convicted so many innocent people make it dramatic. In a desperate attempt to save themselves Abigail and the other girls claim that they can see Mary warren with the devil beside her. They start screaming and fainting and pretending to be cold, of course this is all a false but it makes the scene very dramatic.