Differences Between Broadsheet and Tabloid Newspapers

In the world of print journalism, the two main formats for newspapers are broadsheet and tabloid. Strictly speaking, these terms refer to the page sizes of such papers, but the different formats have distinct histories and associations. Discussing the differences between broadsheets and tabloids provides an interesting journalistic journey. History of Broadsheets and Tabloids Broadsheet newspapers first appeared in 18th-century Britain after the government began to tax newspapers based on their number of pages. That made large-format papers with fewer pages cheaper to print than smaller ones with more pages, writes Kath Bates on Oxford Open Learning. She adds: As few people could read to the standard required of those early broadsheet editions, they soon became associated with the aristocracy and more well-to-do businessmen. Even today, broadsheet papers tend to be linked with a higher-minded approach to news-gathering and delivery, with readers of such papers opting for in-depth articles and editorials. Tabloid newspapers, perhaps due to their smaller size, are often associated with shorter, crisper stories. Tabloids date to the early 1900s when they were referred to as small newspapers containing condensed stories easily consumed by everyday readers. Tabloid readers traditionally came from the lower working classes, but that has changed somewhat in the past few decades. The New York Daily News, the most widely circulated tabloid in the United States, for example, had won 11 ​Pulitzer Prizes, journalisms highest honor, as of June 2018. Even with the blurring of clear distinctions between the economic and social classes of their readership, however, advertisers continue to target different markets when buying space in broadsheets and tabloids. What Are Tabloids? In the technical sense, tabloid refers to a newspaper that typically measures 11 by 17 inches—smaller than a broadsheet—and is usually no more than five columns across. Many city dwellers prefer tabloids because they are easier to carry and read on the subway or bus. One of the first tabloids in the U.S. was The New York Sun, started in 1833. It cost only a penny and was easy to carry, and its crime reporting and illustrations proved popular with working-class readers. Tabloids still tend to be more irreverent in their writing style than their broadsheet brothers. In a crime story, a broadsheet will refer to a police officer, while a tabloid will use the term cop. And while a broadsheet might spend dozens of column inches on serious news—say, a major bill in Congress—a tabloid is more likely to zero in on a sensational crime story or celebrity gossip. The word tabloid has come to be associated with supermarket checkout aisle papers, such as the National Enquirer, that focus on splashy, lurid stories about celebrities, but tabloids such as the Daily News, the Chicago Sun-Times, and the Boston Herald focus on serious, hard-hitting journalism. In Britain, tabloid papers—also known as red tops for their front-page banners—tend to be racier and more sensational than their American counterparts. The type of unscrupulous reporting methods employed by some tabs led to the ​phone-hacking scandal and closing of the News of the World, one of Britains biggest tabs, and resulted in calls for greater regulation of the British press. What Are Broadsheets? Broadsheet refers to the most common newspaper format, which is typically around 15 inches wide to 20 or more inches long in the U.S., though sizes vary around the world. Broadsheet papers tend to feature six columns and employ a traditional approach to newsgathering  that emphasizes in-depth coverage and a sober writing tone in articles and editorials aimed at fairly affluent, educated readers. Many of the nations most respected,  influential newspapers—The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Wall Street Journal, for example—are broadsheet papers. In recent years many broadsheets have been reduced in size to cut printing costs. For instance, The New York Times was narrowed by 1 1/2 inches in 2008. Other broadsheet papers, including USA Today, The Los Angeles Times, and The Washington Post, also have been trimmed. Broadsheets and Tabloids Today Newspapers, whether broadsheets or tabloids, are experiencing difficult times these days. Readership has slipped for all newspapers as many readers have turned to the Internet for up-to-the-minute news from a variety of online sources, often for free. For example, AOL, an Internet portal, offers online news ranging from mass shootings and Supreme Court decisions to sports and weather, all at no charge. CNN, the Cable News Network, is known mostly for on-air coverage of domestic and international issues, but it also has a well-established website that provides free articles and video clips of major domestic and foreign news. Its difficult for broadsheets and tabloids to compete with organizations providing such wide-ranging, cost-free coverage, especially when papers have traditionally charged readers for access to their news and information stories. Between 2000 and 2015, annual advertising revenue at all U.S. newspapers, both tabloids, and broadsheets, tumbled from $60 billion to $20 billion, according to The Atlantic. A Pew Research Center study noted that circulation for all U.S. newspapers has fallen annually for the past three decades, including an 8% decline between 2015 and 2016. The Pew Center study did note that The New York Times added more than 500,000 online subscriptions in 2016, a nearly 50 percent jump from the previous year. In that same period, The Wall Street Journal gained more than 150,000 digital subscriptions, a 23 percent rise. Internet Forces Changes The online versions of these broadsheets, however, are more tabloid-like in format; they have flashier headlines, attention-grabbing color, and more graphics than the print editions. The New York Times online edition is four columns wide, similar to a tabloid format, though the second column tends to be wider than the other three. The main headline for The Times online edition of June 20, 2018, was: Trump Retreats After Border Outcry, which was splashed in flashy italic type above a main story and several sidebars about the public debate over a U.S. policy that separated parents seeking to enter the country from their children. The print edition for the same day—which, of course, was one news cycle behind the online edition—featured a much more sedate headline for its main story: GOP Moves to End Trumps Family Separation Policy, but Cant Agree How. As readers gravitate toward briefer stories and instant access to news via the Internet, more broadsheets may begin to adopt tabloid formats online. The push seems to be to capture readers attention with tabloid techniques instead of relying on a more in-depth, broadsheet-like, serious tone.

The Roles Of Black Women On Reality Television - 1900 Words

Reality television is a programming that documents apparently unscripted real-life situations. The genre of reality TV shows focus tends to be on drama and personal conflict, rather than educating viewers. The roles of black women on reality television depict negative stereotypes. The roles they are portraying makes them out to look negative. Black women are already assumed to be angry, petty, loud, violent, bad attitudes, drama queens, and many more. Their actions on reality TV is portrayed to people outside our culture exactly the way they expects us to be or act. Stereotypes are taken into new levels based on reality TV, because to a certain extent, majority of black women in my society is acting that way. Those women actions on reality TV shows seem to have an influence on majority of black women who are viewers actions. For instance, we have reality shows like Love and Hip Hop, Basketball Wives, Bad Girl Clubs, The Real House Wives of Atlanta, and many more. Love Hip Hop is one of the most talked about shows that negatively portrays the roles of black women. That show is full of drama which makes it interesting to watch, but shows a poor look on black women. TV critics says that this is one of the most intense reality shows, because it shows verbal and physical abuse in black relationships. The original â€Å"Love Hip Hop† started Mona Scott-Young’s depredation into reality TV, stereotyping black women as angry, promiscuous and so on. In one of the seasons LHH NewShow MoreRelatedThe Representation of African Americans in the Media and Popular Culture901 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In popular culture, specifically American television, representations of African Americans often rely upon an array of stereotypes. Representation is the production of meaning through language or signifying systems. In media, the dominant stereotypes of African Americans include the sapphire, the coon, the jezebel, and the buck. 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Determining the concentration of Vinegar Free Essays

1. Place an electronic scale on a level surface and put a 50g weight on the scale and calibrate 2. Measure the weight of conical flask 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Determining the concentration of Vinegar or any similar topic only for you Order Now Accurately measure a mass of KH(C8H4O4) near to 5g, placing it in a 250ml conical flask 4. Record the reading from the scale, subtract the weight of conical flask measured in step 2 5. Dissolve KH(C8H4O4) in a conical flask with minimum volume of distilled water 6. Transfer the solution from the conical flask into Standard Solution 1. Use an electronic balance equal to three decimal places to accurately weigh out in a 250ml beaker a mass of KH(C8H4O4) approximately equal to 5. 005g. Record this mass. 2. Dissolve the KH(C8H4O4) in a minimum volume of distilled water in a beaker. 3. After washing the 250ml volumetric flask with distilled water, rinse with more distilled water. 4. Transfer the solution from the beaker to a volumetric flask using a funnel. 5. Wash all traces of the solution from the beaker and funnel by rinsing the beaker and funnel thoroughly with distilled water from a wash bottle into the volumetric flask. 6. Swirl the solution in the volumetric flask but do not invert. 7. Add more distilled water until the bottom of the meniscus is aligned with the calibration mark. To ensure accuracy use a teat pipette to add the final few millilitres of distilled water. 8. Stopper the flask and invert several times to mix the contents and thereby ensure the solution is of uniform concentration throughout. Standardisation of Sodium Hydroxide 1. Prepare the burette and fill with the sodium hydroxide solution to 50ml. 2. Pipette the KH(C8H4O4) solution into a conical flask. Use three drops of phenolphthalein as the indicator. 3. Titrate carefully until a colour change from colourless to pink is observed. 4. Perform a rough titration first, then repeat until 3 concordant titres are obtained. How to cite Determining the concentration of Vinegar, Papers

Organizational Behavior for Organizational Level- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss the importance of attitude in relation to behavior at the individual level, group level and organizational level. Answer: Introduction: As emphasized by P. Robins Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and organizational structure have on behavior within the organization, for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organizational effectiveness. In order to run the entire process of business by maintaining business sustainability the significance of organizational behavior is undeniable. Numerous eminent scholars have provided their own opinion regarding the overall concept of organizational behavior. As per the point of view of some of the contemporary scholars every organization has to follow a proper culture and discipline in order to maintain the rhythmic flow of business. Kehoe and Wrigh (2013) opined that while maintaining individual performance employees have to maintain an effective communication with each other. Employees are from different cultural and religious backgrounds and attitudes. While taking a particular business decisio n the business managers have to face numerous psychological barriers. Consequently the business managers have to face innumerable difficulties in making an effective decision regarding the business goal. This specific study has focused to make an in-depth analysis on how attitude leaves a major impact on the overall performance level of an individual, group as well as of an organization. Based on the job satisfaction level of an individual the attitude and dedication level towards the organizational services vary. Discussion: As per the point of view of Mowday, Porter and Steers (2013) the performance level of an individual is highly dependent on the co-operation and support of business managers with the help of which a particular organizational employee gains the confidence of meeting the business target within proper time. It has been observed that large number of business managers within a specific organization do not intend to communicate with the employees properly due to linguistic barrier, cultural barrier or psychological barriers. As a result, those employees who fail to communicate with the organizational managers properly for language barrier have to face innumerable difficulties in performing well for reaching the business target. Business managers with the help of participative form of leadership style should focus on communicating with the employees in such a way that the employees do not have to face difficulties in sharing their problems and challenges facing at the workplace. As per the o pinion of Kark and Shamir (2013), business managers within the organization intend to use autocratic form of leadership style. With the help of autocratic form of leadership style organizational managers intend to impose their own decision on the employees. As a result, employees get least opportunity in sharing their own opinion regarding the improvement of business process. Due to the lack of co-operation from business experts employees fail to get proper support and motivation in performing well. The lack of employee motivation is one of the most effective reasons of being dissatisfied towards the performances. If the employees fail to get job satisfaction the rate of employee turnover increases. At the same time, employees do not intend to maintain organizational behavior. The communication gap between the business managers and the employees increases automatically. In this kind of situation, business managers automatically fail to maintain the systematic flow of business. As emphasized by Sallis, Owen and Fisher (2015) the attitude of an individual business manager is highly important in maintaining the rhythmic flow of business. In some of the cases, it has been observed that due to the lack of personality and management skill the business managers fail to keep a constant control over the entire process of business. In addition, organizational behavior leaves a major impact on overall all performance level of group as well. Shin, Taylor and Seo (2012) opined that group discussion is highly effective for sharing necessary knowledge and information regarding the business. Before changing a particular business strategy and policy organizations always intend to make an effective group discussion by involving employees for getting collective information. This specific scholar believes that group performance is more significant than the individual one. With the help of an effective group performance the employees as well as the manager get the scope to exchange thoughts and ideas regarding the business strategies and policies. The ideal attitude of a business manager should be keeping trust on the group members at workplace. Managers with the help of democratic form of leadership style make an effective session where employees are allowed to share their own opinion regarding the business goal. With th e equal co-operation of both the managers and the employees the organization gains image and reputation for performing well. If the managers and the employees are able to maintain a business project in a collaborative way the entire process of organizational behavior is automatically maintained. Therefore, this specific study has focused to make an in-depth analysis about the importance of collaboration among the team members in order to achieve the success of business. Hsiung (2012) opined that large number of business organizations is there where the organizational managers do not keep a trust on the overall employee performance. Therefore, before taking any particular business decision the organizational managers do not wait for taking the decision from employees. In this kind of situation, the employees show their extreme level of reluctance in performing well for gaining organizational image and reputation. In order to overcome this barrier various eminent scholars have provided numerous solutions. The business managers can deal with the organizational employees in such a way that employees get the scope of participating in group discussion. As emphasized by Avey, Wernsing and Palanski (2012), it is undeniable that the entire success of a business organization is highly dependent on the performance level of employees. Therefore, the primary responsibility of managers is to make a good rapport with every individual. However, this specific study has focused to make an in-depth overview on how the group involvement is highly effective in maintaining organizational behavior. At the same time, it is also undeniable that group involvement encourages every single employee in meeting business target as well as maintaining organizational discipline. The importance of attitude and organizational behavior in organizational level is also very important. In order to perform well towards the business service the organizational managers should have a commitment with the employees. While dealing with the employees belonging to different geographical boundaries and culture the business experts have to focus on maintaining some ethics, values and culture. They need to treat every employee with equal respect and dignity. DiPaola and Tschannen-Moran (2014) stated that employees should be judged as per their performance level rather than their skills and talents. At the same time, if any individual employee is not flexible enough in making effective communication the business managers should provide proper training and development session to that individual. This particular training and development session would be helpful for enhancing the performance level of an employee. Therefore, the business managers would be able to make effective co mmunication (Vaccaro et al. 2012). After evaluating the entire study about the importance of attitude in relation to behavior at the individual level, group level and organizational level it can be stated that employee performance is highly dependent overall structure and culture of a particular organization. Therefore, employees should be motivated at the workplace. Automatically organizational behavior as well as culture would be maintained. The overarching concept of Organizational citizenship behavior represents an employees volunteer commitment apart from going the contractual allocation. As stated by Schaubroeck et al. (2012), an individual employee tends to show interest in taking overburden of an organization only when they will get additional benefits and facilities from the employers. It has been observed that large number of business organizations tend to implement reward and recognition policy for appreciating the endeavor of employees. In addition, the business organizations intend to provide additional bonus and incentives to the employees for motivating themselves in giving additional effort (Bissing?Olson et al. 2013). This particular organizational strategy is highly effective in maintaining organizational behavior. At the same time, it is undeniable that organizational behavior is maintained at the workplace only when employees get motivated towards the performances. Conclusion: This specific study has focused to evaluate critically about the importance of attitude in relation to behavior at the individual level, group level and organizational level. In last five years, it has been observed that business organizations are unable to maintain an effective employee relation as well as organizational behavior. Communication barrier, psychological barriers, cultural barriers are the specific reasons due to which business managers face difficulties in making a rapport with the employees. This particular study has critically evaluated on how individual, group as well as organizational factors leave a major impact on maintaining the organizational behavior. The importance of attitude of business managers is having major significance in making rapport with business employees. Numerous eminent scholars have been chosen who have provided their own point of view regarding the impact of attitude in maintaining organizational behavior. The arguments of the eminent scholar s have been critically analyzed. Reference List: Avey, J.B., Wernsing, T.S. and Palanski, M.E., 2012. Exploring the process of ethical leadership: The mediating role of employee voice and psychological ownership.Journal of Business Ethics,107(1), pp.21-34. Bissing?Olson, M.J., Iyer, A., Fielding, K.S. and Zacher, H., 2013. Relationships between daily affect and pro?environmental behavior at work: The moderating role of pro?environmental attitude.Journal of Organizational Behavior,34(2), pp.156-175. DiPaola, M. and Tschannen-Moran, M., 2014. Organizational citizenship behavior in schools and its relationship to school climate.Journal of School Leadership,11(5), pp.424-447. Hsiung, H.H., 2012. Authentic leadership and employee voice behavior: A multi-level psychological process.Journal of business ethics,107(3), pp.349-361. Kark, R. and Shamir, B., 2013. The dual effect of transformational leadership: Priming relational and collective selves and further effects on followers. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 77-101). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Kehoe, R.R. and Wright, P.M., 2013. The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors.Journal of management,39(2), pp.366-391. Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W. and Steers, R.M., 2013.Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic press. Sallis, J.F., Owen, N. and Fisher, E., 2015. Ecological models of health behavior.Health behavior: theory, research, and practice. 5th ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, pp.43-64. Schaubroeck, J.M., Hannah, S.T., Avolio, B.J., Kozlowski, S.W., Lord, R.G., Trevio, L.K., Dimotakis, N. and Peng, A.C., 2012. Embedding ethical leadership within and across organization levels.Academy of Management Journal,55(5), pp.1053-1078. Shin, J., Taylor, M.S. and Seo, M.G., 2012. Resources for change: The relationships of organizational inducements and psychological resilience to employees' attitudes and behaviors toward organizational change.Academy of Management Journal,55(3), pp.727-748. Vaccaro, I.G., Jansen, J.J., Van Den Bosch, F.A. and Volberda, H.W., 2012. Management innovation and leadership: The moderating role of organizational size.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), pp.28-51. Zhu, W., Sosik, J.J., Riggio, R.E. and Yang, B., 2012. Relationships between transformational and active transactional leadership and followers' organizational identification: The role of psychological empowerment.Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management,13(3), p.186.